Biology JAMB UTME Past Questions and Answers

Biology JAMB UTME Past Questions and Answers

What is the function of the ribosomes in a cell?

A) Energy production

B) Protein synthesis

C) Lipid storage

D) Waste elimination

Answer: B) Protein synthesis

Which process involves the division of a single cell into two identical daughter cells?

A) Meiosis

B) Mitosis

C) Binary fission

D) Budding

Answer: B) Mitosis

In which part of a flower does fertilization take place?

A) Petal

B) Stamen

C) Ovary

D) Sepal

Answer: C) Ovary

What is the function of the central nervous system?

A) Control voluntary movements

B) Regulate body temperature

C) Transmit nerve impulses

D) Produce hormones

Answer: C) Transmit nerve impulses

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A) Arteries

B) Veins

C) Capillaries

D) Venules

Answer: A) Arteries

What is the role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

A) Regulate metabolism

B) Produce insulin

C) Control growth and development

D) Filter blood

Answer: C) Control growth and development

Which gas is produced as a byproduct of cellular respiration?

A) Oxygen

B) Nitrogen

C) Carbon dioxide

D) Hydrogen

Answer: C) Carbon dioxide

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

A) Transport oxygen

B) Pump blood

C) Filter and drain excess fluids from tissues

D) Produce bile

Answer: C) Filter and drain excess fluids from tissues

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

A) mRNA (messenger RNA)

B) tRNA (transfer RNA)

C) rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

D) snRNA (small nuclear RNA)

Answer: B) tRNA (transfer RNA)

What is the function of the enzyme amylase in the digestive system?

A) Break down proteins

B) Break down carbohydrates

C) Break down fats

D) Assist in blood clotting

Answer: B) Break down carbohydrates

Which part of the human brain is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions like heartbeat and breathing?

A) Cerebrum

B) Cerebellum

C) Medulla oblongata

D) Hypothalamus

Answer: C) Medulla oblongata

What is the function of the enzyme catalase in cells?

A) Break down lipids

B) Break down proteins

C) Break down hydrogen peroxide

D) Facilitate DNA replication

Answer: C) Break down hydrogen peroxide

In the process of osmosis, water moves from an area of ______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration.

A) High, low

B) Low, high

C) Equal, equal

D) Outside, inside

Answer: A) High, low

What is the role of the thymus gland in the immune system?

A) Produce antibodies

B) Filter blood

C) Store red blood cells

D) Maturation of T lymphocytes

Answer: D) Maturation of T lymphocytes

Which type of cell division is responsible for the growth and repair of tissues in multicellular organisms?

A) Meiosis

B) Mitosis

C) Binary fission

D) Budding

Answer: B) Mitosis

What is the function of the myelin sheath in nerve cells?

A) Transmit nerve impulses

B) Protect the cell membrane

C) Regulate cell shape

D) Store nutrients

Answer: A) Transmit nerve impulses

Which organ produces bile to aid in digestion?

A) Stomach

B) Liver

C) Pancreas

D) Gallbladder

Answer: B) Liver

What is the purpose of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

A) Filter air

B) Produce mucus

C) Regulate airflow

D) Prevent food from entering the windpipe

Answer: D) Prevent food from entering the windpipe

Which process involves the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the lungs?

A) Respiration

B) Inspiration

C) Excretion

D) Filtration

Answer: A) Respiration

What is the function of the cornea in the human eye?

A) Focus light onto the retina

B) Control the size of the pupil

C) Produce tears

D) Filter harmful UV rays

Answer: A) Focus light onto the retina

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